Pressure cook dal with turmeric, hing, and 4 cups of water. After 3 whistles, reduce flame to low heat, and cook for 8 minutes. Now, turn off the heat.
In a vessel, pour the dal & some water to dilute it, add salt to taste, & stir well till dal boils.
Turn the flame off, add squeeze half a lime and 1 tsp of ghee.
Add onions and saute till it becomes soft and translucent .
Add tomatoes and fry them all together for about 5 minutes .
Remove them from heat and let it cool for few minutes.
Grind them into a smooth paste. Keep it aside.
Heat 2 tbsp of oil in a pressure cooker, add the ground paste and fry it in the oil for 2 to 3 minutes. Now add the ginger & garlic paste .
After the raw smell off ginger and garlic goes off, add the mutton and mix it all well. Fry the mutton with the masala for 5 to 8 minutes in medium flame.
Now add the red chili powder, turmeric powder, coriander powder, black pepper, salt and half cup of water into it.
Stir it well so that all of the ingredients mix together and close the lid of the pressure cooker.
Pressure cook it until the whistle goes off 4 times. After that remove from heat and keep it aside.
Heat the remaining oil in a kadhai/pan. Add cloves, cinnamon, bay leaves, fennel seeds and curry leaves. After the seeds sputter add the pressure cooked gravy in to it . Boil it for a few minutes or till it comes to complete boil.
If the gravy is little watery leave it in a medium heat until it becomes a bit thick in consistency and remove from heat.
Add mustard seeds. When they splutter, add asafoetida, 1/2 tsp cumin seeds, 1 tsp red chilly powder, turmeric powder, green chilly-ginger paste & mix well.
Add salt according to taste.
Add mashed potatoes and toss well.
Cook covered for 2-3 minutes and leave aside to cool.
Add coriander leaves and lemon juice, and mix well.
Make small balls out of the mixture once it cools down.
Combine the flour, 1 tsp red chilly powder, turmeric powder, 1/2 tsp cumin seeds, baking soda, rice flour & salt in a bowl and mix together well. Add cold water slowly, beating it until the mixture is smooth & free of lumps. Check the consistency - it should resemble the consistency of heavy cream & easily coat a spoon. If it does not, add more water till it does.
Heat oil over medium-high heat. The best temperature is 350°F.
Dip the balls in batter to coat. Drop in batches into hot oil.
Deep fry on both sides.
Serve hot with pav and green chutney (paste of green chillies and coriander leaves).